Interview with an Author – Don Caldwell

Don Caldwell is the author of seven books on the Luftwaffe including three on Jagdgeschwader 26 (JG26), one of the German fighter wings facing Great Britain on the coast of France from 1940 onwards. He has new book out called Thunder on Bataan: The First American Tank Battles of World War II *.

We took a few minutes to talk to him this week:

Heather Steele: I’ve read your Luftwaffe books and really enjoyed them. I know that this book is really different from those Luftwaffe books, and I wonder if you could tell me a little bit about your inspiration to do this story about the first American tank battles of World War II?

Don Caldwell: I can credit one man who really got me interested in this – Tony Medahl’s his name – we were email correspondents. He was researching the 8th Air Force, and I had a lot of Luftwaffe data, of course. After corresponding for quite a while, I found out he was an Ohio National Guardsman and had an enormous amount of material that he had accumulated on a unit that I had never heard of.

I found out he was an experienced researcher. He had worked for Joe Galloway and Iris Chang, among others, knew what he was doing, but he didn’t like to write. He had never written a book. He was very ill with cancer and wanted to know if I was interested in maybe turning this into a book. After I looked at the material, I said “yeah.”  It was very challenging; it was a unit it was totally new to me; but I was ready for something other than Luftwaffe. I’d written seven books on the Luftwaffe, and had run out of unused material. Could I do something else?

The Provisional Tank Group had a number of unique aspects to it. It comprised six light tank companies from state National Guard divisions, originally headquartered in small towns in the six states. The group was sent to the Philippines when rapid expansion was attempted in the months before Pearl Harbor.

The six tank companies each contained 17 M3 light tanks and various ancillary materials. The equipment was all brand new, which was kind of surprising to me, sent overseas to be sacrificed. The unit did very well, but they were doomed.  After they men surrendered, their treatment as POWs is well known. Their treatment after they came back was new to me, however, and of great of interest to me. So this is why I took on the project – I decided to see what I what I could do with the material that Tony supplied me.

Heather: When you started to dig into the research and start writing, how challenging was it? You’re so familiar with the Luftwaffe stuff, and this is digging into somebody else’s research, and you have very little initial familiarity with it. What was that like?

Don:  The history itself wasn’t all that challenging. I’m an experienced historian. That’s been a hobby of mine for sixty years or so, since I was a teenager. I have an extensive library, and I’m familiar with using the internet for research, but I was never in the army, had never been inside of a tank. So, I was kind of concerned about the technical aspects of what I was doing. I asked for a technical read of the manuscript, and apparently technically it’s okay.

Heather: It can be something that really sucks you in.

Don: Yeah, it does.

Heather:  Why do you think the Pacific has been so neglected?

Don: The policy of Europe-first, Germany-first was decreed by Roosevelt and the military before Pearl Harbor. This was American strategy. Germany was always considered the most important adversary, the most dangerous adversary. I’ll have to say there is quite a bit of racism involved here, but the E.T.O. took a larger percentage of our resources, a larger percentage of our casualties, and that’s just where the interest is has lain from 1941 until the present. Also, it was a lot easier to find correspondents to send to England and later the European continent than to Peleliu or Tarawa.

Heather: What’s so important about remembering these men and the battles that they took part in?

Don:  These particular guys in this particular campaign are important to me, because they were nearly all volunteers, Guardsmen. They were just guys. They put themselves in a mortal danger in an unprepared theater of operations to buy a time for the U.S.A. to halt the expansion of the Japanese Empire while the U.S. expanded this its own military to the point that it could overwhelm the Japanese in future years.

The Provisional Tank Group was of interest for a number of reasons. It was the first American unit to take armor overseas in World War II. Its new tanks entered battle in a very inhospitable environment, in a mountainous tropical jungle, with no tactical doctrine, which it developed and then radioed back to the U.S. This doctrine was used in the Pacific Theater for the rest of the war.

Heather: Can you share with us one of the things you found most fascinating or interesting during the research and writing of the book?

Don: One’s gonna be tough. Some of the things I learned were political as much as military. It was very startling to find out that when the U.S. decided to reinforce the Philippines, they sent National Guard units. They didn’t send Regular Army. We sent and lost virtually the entire New Mexico National Guard – they were in a coast artillery unit, which had been updated to an anti-aircraft unit.

I chose twenty key men for various reasons. They all had different backgrounds and different experiences. One of the most interesting, Bill Gentry, was a lieutenant who wound up in C Company of the 192nd Tank Battalion, one of the two battalions in the Group. He had a typical background, but a pretty atypical career itself. He joined the Harrodsburg, Kentucky tank company in 1936. He got a commission by taking correspondence courses, which was typical of Guardsmen. The Regular Army hated Guardmen for a variety of reasons, this is one of them. They were just not as well-educated in the military sphere as the Regular Army.

When the guard was federalized in late 1940 four tank companies were ordered to Fort Knox. Gentry was an electronics hobbyist and made head of the radio school at Fort Knox. Before shipment overseas Gentry was named head of the communications detachment of the 192nd Tank Battalion and given a large extra supply of men and materiel – it turns out that he was to set up a school for Philippine army radio men. He was given the job of assistant platoon leader in C Company when the company commander broke down completely when the Japanese invaded. He was the key commander in the major battle of the retreat to Bataan, the battle of Baliuag.

He survived the Death March with the help of friends. The Provisional Tank Group guys, their camaraderie was so great. In 1944 he became extremely ill with dysentery, and remained at Cabanatuan when most of the men were shipped to Japan and most of them died on the Hell Ships. He escaped that and was rescued by the most successful Ranger raid of the war. He was brought back to the States and became a very popular speaker at war bond rallies. He started out with virtually no formal education, and wound up very successful commander.

Virtually all of the men came back with P.T.S.D., which of course was not diagnosed. Most of them had bad experiences with the V.A. A large number of them had brought back vitamin deficiency diseases especially pellagra, which was one of the worst. The V.A. was totally incapable of diagnosing or treating them.

Some came out of it just ok. A lot of them came out of it as alcoholics, never were able to hold a job.

Heather: What other plans do you have for this book?

Don: I’ve been invited to give a talk to a World War II roundtable in Minneapolis in April. I hope the snow is melted by then. You know, I’m in Texas, I’m not used to it.

Heather:  You’ve got it good! Thanks so much for your time, it was really great to talk to you. Good luck with the new book.

Don: Thank you.

*we don’t collect any associate fees for linking to Amazon

 

 

 

 

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Interview with an Author: Jay Stout

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Jay Stout is a former Marine fighter pilot and the author of 11 books, many on World War II. He is new book is entitled Vanished Hero: The Life, War and Mysterious Disappearance of America’s WWII Strafing King.  You can learn more about Jay at his website or buy the book on Amazon.

 

 

Heather:              You’ve had a very interesting military career. Can you tell me a little bit more about it?

Jay:                        Sure. I was a Marine for 20 years from 1981 to 2001. Like any Marine, I loved it. I miss being a Marine every single day. I also was a fighter pilot during that period. I flew F-4s and F/A-18s, to include combat missions, during the first Gulf War in 1991 in the F/A-18 Hornet. My career was aviation-oriented. Just like I miss being a Marine, I miss being a fighter pilot every single day. It was a great life. As much as I’ve done since then, I still look at that as the most rewarding part of my adult life.

Heather:              How do you transition out of being a fighter pilot on an F/A-18 Hornet?

Jay:                        Sometimes, not very well. I get bored easily. You look for other outlets either through work or through hobbies. I’ve taken up golf. Obviously, I’ve done a lot of writing which consumes a lot of time, and I spend time with my family. You find things to do. I think everybody, no matter what their career is, when they switch careers, has the same issues and challenges in finding other ways to get themselves engaged.

Heather:              Let’s talk a little bit about one of your interests: writing books. You’ve written about events during a lot of different wars. What is it about World War II that seems to interest you more than other time frames?

Jay:                        It’s hard to say. For some reason, I have a visceral attraction to that time period. I was one of those kids who never wanted to be anything else other than a fighter pilot. I grew up reading a lot of stories from World War II. After retirement, I had a decent amount of writing talent, plus the background of being a fighter pilot myself, plus a knowledge of World War II. It seemed just natural for me to continue to write about those things that either hadn’t been written about, or perhaps could have been written about a little bit differently, and from the perspective of somebody who’s actually done some combat flying himself.

Heather:              What perspective do you think that gives you when you go to write some of these stories?

Jay:                        Just the feel. Not only the physical feel of being in the cockpit but the emotional part as well. When somebody is shooting at you, it’s actually quite terrifying. Anybody who says that it’s otherwise, at least in the beginning, has either got something wrong with him or he’s lying. I know what it’s like to pull a lot of Gs, that is to make a very hard turn, and I know what it’s like with snot coming out of your nose into your oxygen mask, and for your helmet to come over the top of your head to where you can’t see anymore, and what it feels like to actually start to lose consciousness. I know what it’s like when you release bombs off of one wing and it tips up a little bit in response. Just those little nuanced things that a writer or historian who hasn’t lived that life isn’t going to be familiar with, isn’t even going to think to write about. I think that’s what I bring to the table that so many non-military writers just can’t because they’ve never lived that life.

Heather:              You’ve picked two groups to write entire books about; the 352nd Fighter Group and the 303rd Bomb Group. What is it about those two groups, and what was it about a bomber group that attracted you to the stories?

Jay:                        The 352nd Fighter Group was in that sweet spot of fighter groups where it had been in service for a great period of the war.. It did very well, but it hadn’t been written about to the extent that some of the other fighter groups had been written about. It had a lot of great personalities in it. Perhaps, at least as important, was that Robert “Punchy” Powell was a big advocate of the group. He had flown P-47s and P-51s with the group and was very successful.

After the war, he helped form an association and collected and archived a huge amount of material about the group for about 30 years. Not only official documents but stories from the men who had served. All that material he made available to me. That was just a really rich resource. He was a great guy. The group was a great performing group. I really enjoyed writing the book.

As far as the bomb group, it always seemed to me that the bomber guys were the bravest guys. Because, whereas a fighter pilot can turn and dive away or refuse combat, the bomber guys had to fly through the flak. They had to endure the fighter attacks. They had to fly close formation and make their ways to the target regardless of what they were feeling or what they felt that particular day. That took a tremendous amount of bravery. It was a bravery that makes a person climb out of bed and climb into that airplane and fly missions day after day after day knowing that it’s not necessarily their skill that’s going to ensure that they survive even though skill is important. A huge amount of their survival was dependent on luck. That wasn’t necessarily the case with the fighter pilot.

Most World War II fighter pilots will agree with me, they’ll say, “The bomber guys were the bravest and the toughest.” Much the same thing, the 303rd Bomb Group Hell’s Angels saw action through most of the war. They were one of the early bomb groups. They weren’t as famous as some of the other bomb groups although they had some tremendous accomplishments. Again, they had a real strong bomb group association, a real strong archivist, a lot of material for me to work with and they shared readily.

Heather:              Now you’ve got a new book. What’s the name of that book, and what’s it about?

Jay:                        This book is called, “Vanished Hero: The Life War, and Mysterious Disappearance of America’s World War II Strafing King.” It’s a book about Elwyn G. Righetti. He was a fighter pilot during the war. He actually earned his wings before America entered the war and was immediately made a flight instructor. It was part of the effort that turned the United States Army Air Forces from about 25,000 men to 2.5 million men.  He was promoted very quickly and was a lieutenant colonel by the time he was 27.  He was given more and more important postings within the training command. The whole time, he wanted to go to combat. Because he was so good at his training job, he was kept there in the training command.

Finally, towards the end of the war in the fall of 1944, he was sent to England and joined the 55th Fighter Group which was flying P-51 Mustangs, and quickly established himself as a very aggressive, talented fighter pilot. He became an aerial ace, and earned 7.5 aerial victories during the time of the war when a lot of fighter pilots never even saw a German aircraft airborne.  He was aggressive in terms of finding things to shoot up on the ground, lots of locomotives, anything valuable to the Germans, almost to the point of recklessness. In that short period he became a squadron commander and then the group commander, and became the leading ground strafing ace. He destroyed 27 aircraft on the crowd.

He was shot down on the group’s second-to-last mission in April of 1945 and crash landed. He had been shooting up an enemy airfield. He called out over the radio, “I’m fine. I think I may have broken my nose but otherwise, I’m okay. Let the family know I’m okay. I’ll see you in a couple weeks when this is all over,” and was never heard from again. The supposition is that he was probably captured and lynched by German civilians. No trace of him has ever been found. There’s never been anyone who has come forward to offer any evidence of what happened to him. It’s a really interesting story.

Heather:              How did you get involved with the story?

Jay:                        I was approached by a researcher who was collecting material on the Righetti story. He was diagnosed with cancer. Based on what he had read, he believed I was the best choice to write a book about Righetti. He was really hopeful that I would take the project on. I agreed to do so. He sent me cartons of material. Sadly, he passed away before I finished the manuscript.

At first, I felt compelled to write the story. But as I got more and more into the story, I found that it was one of the most interesting books I’ve done as well as one of the most difficult books I’ve ever done.

Heather:              What was so difficult?

Jay:                        Much of the book revolves around the letters that the family wrote back and forth. I felt that I got to know him pretty well, along with his family. When he was lost, I felt some sense of loss myself. Certainly, nothing that the family endured. I also felt really bad for the family. It was heartbreaking.

Heather:              I think the heart of a really good book is that it’s personal.

Jay:                        I think that’s something the reader will identify with.  They’ll see his personality right away and the personality of his family.

Heather:              What was surprising when you did the research on this book?

Jay:                        It was surprising that I connected so much with him and his family.  I’m surprised at how much the death of somebody who passed away or disappeared more than 70 years ago now still has effects. He has a sister who’s still alive. I know that she’s affected. His daughter is still alive. She misses having a father and so do his nephews miss having an uncle. There was a hole left in the family and there’s still vestiges of that hole even after all this time.

Heather:              Is there anything else you’d like to say about the book?

Jay:                        One thing. When there’s a close family connection, although I didn’t share every word with them, there were parts of the manuscript that I asked them to review and check. They only saw very small portion of the book. In the end, I really hope they like it. I hope they’re gratified by the work and the effort that went into it.

Heather:              Thanks so much for your time, Jay.

Jay:                        Very good. Thanks, Heather.

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Interview with an Author: Andrew Arthy

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Dr. Andrew Arthy is the co-author (with Morten Jessen) of “Focke-Wulf Fw 190 in the Battle for Sicily” and “Focke-Wulf Fw 190 in North Africa” as well as numerous eArticles that can be found on the website http://airwarpublications.com/

 

Heather:              What was it that got you interested in this field?

Andrew:              I’ve always had an interest in history for as long as I can remember. Since I was 5 or 6 years old really. And my interest did kind of become more specific as the years went by. I started looking at military history to start with, ancient history, modern history, just the military side of things and then WWII became my passion probably when I was 12 or 13, I suppose. I was a bit of a strange child, I just thought I was going to write a book when I was about 12 or 13 years old. I chose the Spitfire, I just thought it was going to be my topic. I spent 2 years studying the British fighter aircraft, the Spitfire, and then I realized the German side of things had received less coverage, so I decided to focus on the Luftwaffe, and for the last 17 years that’s kind of been my passion. Since then I’ve written a couple of books and a few articles and started a small publishing company. It’s been an interesting hobby, it keeps me busy.

Heather:              So, you decided to study military history at university?

Andrew:              I did. I did quite well at history in high school and had a couple of really good history teachers as well and they encouraged me to keep going with the history and so I went to university to get a Bachelor of Arts in history and ancient history; did my Honours and eventually did quite well in Honours so I thought, “Well, I will do a Ph.D.” I did that, which was quite a challenge, but I eventually got my Ph.D. in 2009. With my hobby history I generally look at the stories of the soldiers and the units, but for my Ph.D. I chose more of a higher-level topic. I looked at the American and British strategy in the Second World War, and why they decided to invade North Africa in 1942. It was good, it was a challenge. It was something different.

Heather:              You’ve taken quite an interest in oral history over the years. When did you start interviewing WWII veterans?

Andrew:              I started by writing letters. I’ve actually done a lot more correspondence than interviews. I think it was 2003 I decided I was going to try to contact surviving German Knight’s Cross (note: U.S. equivalent = Medal of Honor) winners. I went to the online phone book and just entered a few names into the phone book, found some addresses, and mailed off some letters. That’s how my correspondence with veterans kind of started.

I got some replies from these old German gentleman. They were quite surprised to receive a letter from a 19-year-old Australian, but they wrote back and shared some information, some stories, and it has just gone from there.  I realized in 2003 that time was running out. There weren’t too many of them left, so I thought I would have to try to get the stories while I could. And especially the German guys because they haven’t really talked about it that much. Their stories have been generally ignored so that’s why I kind of focused on that side of things.

I went to Europe for the first time in 2005, stayed with my friend Morten, my co-author and research partner, and we went on our first interview trip in 2005. We travelled around Germany in a rented car and visited veterans in obscure German towns which is quite a lot of fun. They were always very friendly and welcoming and you know, beer and biscuits and so forth and have a good chat with them and get their stories. It’s an important source because once they’re gone these stories are lost. If you think about daily life, things that you can’t find in the official records you can get from an interview.  So it’s a valuable source. Even though the memories might have faded they are still a valuable source of information. It was just nice to meet these fellows and put a face to the stories you are writing about.

Heather:              About how many stories do you think you have accumulated over the years?

Andrew:              A lot. I have got a folder on my computer where I include all the veterans’ names and I think there are 200-odd veterans and veterans’ families that I have talked to over the years, so a lot of stories. I haven’t had time to actually look at a lot of them.

Heather:              What other types of research do you do outside of just the oral histories?

Andrew:              When I began I didn’t know too much so it wasn’t too much, so it was mostly secondary sources, just what other people had written. In the early 2000’s I discovered the archives and started visiting them and taking my digital camera along and photographing documents. So I’ve now got 300,000 pages of documents from Germany, Britain, and America.  So that’s the main source.

Heather:              Holy Cow! 300,000 pages?

Andrew:              At least. A bit of a lunatic with the digital camera. I could do 5,000 pages a day at the archives.

Heather:              Tell me again which archives you went to? The German and the British…

Andrew:              German, British, American. I went to the Swedish last year which was interesting. I’ve been to the Australian archives. But mostly, the National Archives in Kew in London -that’s been the major source. That’s where I’ve gotten I don’t know how many thousand pages because it’s got so much material. Especially the Ultra, the Ultra decrypts that the British and Americans intercepted during the war. That’s been a very good source on the German side of things because not many people have actually accessed that source yet and made use of it.

Heather:              Oh yeah, that’s interesting.

Andrew:              Surprisingly, so many people write about German military units but don’t consult the Ultra records, which are unpublished material and not available anywhere else. So it’s always surprised me that no one has dug into that source yet. It’s been available now for 15-20 years. To me that’s why you can keep publishing things that people haven’t done.

Heather:              Yeah, I mean I think there is probably a lot like that. Recently, in the last 10 years a lot of people “discovered” these recorded conversations of POWs in the US. But also…

Andrew:              Yeah, yeah. I ‘discovered’ those too in the early 2000’s and I think 5 years later a German scholar released his book saying he discovered them so I guess…

Heather:              Whoever gets a book out first!

Andrew:              I know!

Heather:              The spoils go to whoever gets the book out first.

Andrew:              That’s the problem when you start researching, all of a sudden you just want to keep finding more material, and you kind of forget about actually producing something from it.

Heather:              I think it’s easy to get caught in the research, and not start writing. It’s really hard.

Andrew:              Well, once you’ve got your topic you want to find everything you possibly can so that’s why I ended up going to Swedish archives and the likes because I want to track down every possible lead. It is fun but really at some point you have to sit down and actually do something with all this material.

Heather:              So, eventually you started writing, and when you write you want to publish. So you think about independently publishing or going with a large publisher or military publisher. When and why did you start Air War Publications?

Andrew:              Morten and I wrote the first book, “Focke-Wulf Fw 190 in North Africa” and we published it with Classic Publications in England which is pretty much the best aviation history publishing company in the world. They are classics on the subject so we’re very happy with what they did and the book was well received and looked nice.  But we also wanted to have a bit more control with our next book. So around 2010 our second book which is kind of a sequel to the first one, it’s about the Focke-Wulf Fw 190 in the Sicilian campaign in the summer of 1943.

In 2010 we were approaching finishing that book and deciding where we were going to publish and so forth. We thought we wanted a bit more control this time, control on all aspects: the maps and the artwork and the photos – we wanted to make sure we had the best possible quality there. You don’t always have that with publishing companies. They do a good job, but we want it to be the perfect book. Or as perfect as it could get. So we decided we would do it ourselves and we started a little publishing company, Air War Publications.  We published our first book, “Focke-Wulf Fw 190 in the Battle for Sicily” in late 2010.

We were able to do exactly what we wanted, we included everything we wanted, all the chapters, all the appendices, the artwork, the maps were all exactly as we wanted to do.   Having your own publishing company allows you the freedom to do the job properly, and we were very happy with the results. I don’t think there has been a negative word about the book from anyone. All the reviews have been positive and everyone really likes it so…And they are all waiting for us to do some more. So, it was a very good decision. It’s a fair bit of work running the entire process yourself, the printing runs and distributing books and bookstores and so on and so forth but it’s rewarding because the product is as good as it can be, and you’ve got full control so…I’ve just got to actually publish some more books now. This is the next challenge!

Heather:              Right. And it’s hard to write quickly enough to fill all of the demand, isn’t it?

Andrew:              Yeah, I mean our subject: German Air Force and WWII, there is a pretty hardcore bunch of enthusiasts who want new material all the time. It’s impossible for us to keep up with the demand that they want. New stuff every year, new photos, and new this and new that. New first-hand accounts take a long time to compile so… And to get it to the standard we want it to be also takes a lot of effort, and I’ve been working on my current book for 13 years.  If you chose to write about easy subjects we could probably pump out a book every year but that is not the way we want to go. We want to do things that have never been done before.

Heather:              Right. And do it in depth.

Andrew:              It takes years and years to get the job done properly.

Heather:              So, tell me a little bit more about your book on Sicily and what you did that you probably wouldn’t have been able to do with another publisher.

Andrew:              Well the first thing was we did a full color book whereas often with military publishers you get a certain 16 pages of colors or 8 pages of color.  But with our book it was the best quality paper, really good printer which was close by to Morten so he could check on how the quality was once the first copy came out of the printer. We had complete control over how it looked once it came out of the printer whereas if you publish with a regular publisher you don’t have that control. It’s all out of your hands. We didn’t have to cut out appendices or chapters. We could include all the chapters and materials we wanted to in the book, which is again something new. You’ve got page restrictions with a regular publisher. We had all the maps throughout the book rather than just in a center section so every time we needed a map in a certain place we could put it there.

Morten did the layout. He was able to do an excellent job of that. We couldn’t complain about any aspect of it because it was all ours, you know. Whereas, if you do it with a regular publisher… Every photo that deserved to be full page we could do it. It was nice having that control.

Heather:              So, your most recent publication is an article about Kurt Bühligen. Why did you decide to write about him?

Andrew:              We asked our colleague, Leo Etgen, from Costa Rica, a couple years ago to do some biographies for us. One of his favorite units is Jagdgeschwader 2, so he decided to write a few little biographies about men from that unit. And one of the men was Kurt Bühligen. I thought, “Oh, this is good. Maybe we could do a little bit more with this.”

So, I started doing a bit of digging.  I think when he sent it it was a thousand words or so, but it turned out to be a ten-thousand word article so we kind of added a fair bit to it, Morten and Leo and I.  As far as I know it is the most detailed story of this man that had ever been written – surprisingly because he was a pretty important figure in the Luftwaffe during WWII. He was a unit commander, he was an ace, he flew against the British and Americans. It was a story we thought deserved ten thousand words and deserved to be done because no one has ever done it before.

He was a very modest kind of guy so trying to discover his personality was a bit of a challenge. I think he died in 1984, and he never really told his story after the war. It is hard to research him.  We had to find a lot of sources to get his personality. We are happy with the end result.

Heather:              Yeah, it was a great article. I really enjoyed reading it. Tell me a little bit about what was most surprising during your research. What did you learn that you didn’t know before?

Andrew:              The surprising thing was there were strange stories on the Internet. People seemed to have made things up about him for some reason. I was curious why this happened. For example, a story seemed to be repeated several times that he was shot down by the Russians in 1945 and captured by them. That was not true at all. But for some reason this story has become accepted truth.

Heather:              Why do you think that is? Why do you think people make this stuff up?

Andrew:              I have no idea. I’m still trying to work that out. Why someone would start the story and then continue it, and why it has become accepted. It’s baffling to me. I don’t know what the source could be because he did a couple of interviews, and he made it clear he was captured (by the western Allies) at the end of the war. Why they chose to make this up I don’t know. There is also a story that he was serving as a flying instructor for the Russians during his time in captivity in Russian in the late 1940s. Again, that just came from nowhere as well from someone who decided to make that up. It’s very strange. People decided to make these things up about this fellow.

Heather:              It’s good that you could set the record straight.

Andrew:              Yes, indeed. He deserved it. By all accounts he was just a really nice, caring commanding officer. And he started from the ranks. He went from a mechanic in 1937 to a being a Geschwaderkommodore (Wing Commander) in 1945. By the end of the war he was leading a thousand men – the guy that started the war as the lowest rank pilot.  A pretty amazing story really.

Heather:              Do you think that sort of thing…that kind of rise in the ranks was only available to guys in the German army?

Andrew:              In the Air Force definitely. I can’t imagine it would’ve happened in the RAF or the American Air Force. You couldn’t come from the lowest rank to be a unit commander. It was the attrition really. Just through attrition he could rise from mechanic to the commander. I get the impression he was probably a bit of a reluctant commander. He kept surviving, his comrades kept getting killed, and so he kind of kept rising through the ranks. I don’t think he ever had any plans to get there, but he was the last man standing really. Interesting character, interesting story.

Heather:              Very well done. Thank you for bringing it to the world.

Andrew:              No problem.

Heather:              Thank you for spending a few minutes talking to me, Andrew. I really appreciate it.

 

The e-Article about Kurt Buehligen can be found here: http://airwarpublications.com/product/the-life-of-kurt-buhligen/

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